Isan traditions and traditional rituals of the Isan people involve both beliefs in non-natural powers and Theravada Buddhism. There are both rituals which are traditions that are practiced and the rituals that have been passed on.
Heet Sib Song
The Heet 12 is a 12-month tradition related to Buddhist principles, agricultural beliefs and livelihoods which the Isan people have adhered to since ancient times. There are different practices each month to bring prosperity to life. Locally called merit ceremony, Isan people place great importance on the Heet Sib Song tradition and adhere to it regularly, which is truly the identity of the Isan people.
The word “Heet 12” comes from the word “Heet”, which means tradition. The practice that has evolved into the “12” tradition is the tradition that follows the twelve lunar months.
Duan Ai: Merit Karma
Bun Ai or Moon Jiang merit ceremony The monks will perform an entrance ceremony, known as “rejection” in order to purify the stigma that has violated the discipline. Must be abused Staying in karma takes 6-9 days. During this time, the villagers prepare food. Sweet and savory, bring to the monks both morning and play Because living karma must be in a quiet area such as a forest edge or a remote community (or perhaps a peaceful place in the temple area), the villagers who bring food to the monks during this karma believe that they will receive merit. very
Cause of the ritual
In order to punish the monks who have to be abused Have to understand Therefore will be released from penalties or punishment and return to being a monk who has the holy precepts in Buddhism. This word “enlightenment” in Lao and Thai-Isan languages cuts the word “parawat” left to “enter karma”. “Merit to develop karma” that
Ritual for monks who have to be in the category of the diocesan to enter into an intercession In order to cleanse yourself of the confusion of the precepts, have to go to the priest. When the monk gave permission and then came to arrange a place to stay. When the location has been successfully prepared Buddhist monks must serve one of the priesthoods, must remain overjoyed. (Staying overnight) and having to perform routine (Operation of hibernation) such as refraining from exercising certain rights, demotion and self-revealing. As a self-punishment They must complete the number of days in which they conceal that offense in order to release themselves from the priesthood and must go to the “Chaturaphan” (ie four or more monks) to ask for “Manat” and another monk to pray. Manat announced. The monks who have to perform the priesthood must continue to do 6 more nights of manat.
Duan Yi: Boon Khoon Khao
Bun Khun Lan or Bun Khun Khao is a ritual to celebrate after the completion of the harvest. The villagers were delighted to have a lot of produce. Therefore, he wanted to make merit by inviting the monks to pray in the rice terraces and in some places there would be an offering to the Kwan Khao to celebrate fertility. Thank you to Mae Phosop and apologize for trampling. The land during farming For the prosperity and yields doubly in the following years
Cause of the ritual
The cause of the merit making ceremony This is because when the farmers finished harvesting the rice they would gather the rice to form a “pile of rice” in their fields If someone’s belonging is tall, it shows the passersby that the field is Nadi. The owner was delighted. Lost tiredness, joyful heart, wanting to make merit for a long time To be a charity, send in the following year will have more rice yields. It is called “koon, make it bigger and higher” because the word “koon” comes from “kham koon” meaning to contribute for better. Help them grow.
Rituals for those wishing to make merit with Khun Khao or Bun Khun Lan having organized a merit-making place at their “threshing floor” by inviting the monks to come to charity, the Buddhist mantra has placed a thread. Sai Sai and set up a veranda around the heap When the monks have finished the Buddhist mantra, they will offer food and feast to the monks. Then bring rice, fish, food to feed the relatives who come to make merit. When the monk is finished, he will sprinkle water with Buddhist mantra on the rice pile. For the host and everyone who came to make merit After that, he will bless the host and bring the rest of the Buddha water to sprinkle it to the cattle and the farm for the blessing. And believe that the results of the merit will help contribute to increase the rice more every year.
Duan Sam: Bun Khao Chi
Bun Khao Chi is a tradition born from the solidarity of the community, the villagers will make an appointment to make merit together by helping each other to plant Phaam or marquee prepared in the afternoon. When the morning came the next day, the villagers would help each other to jinx the rice. Or toasting rice and offering alms to monks together After that, there will be a Jataka tale about Mrs. Punnapuim to finish the ceremony
Cause of the ritual
Causes of Buddhist beliefs Due to the modern era With a slave named Punnapud Brought rice flour (rice flour flour) to present to the Lord Buddha But her mind thought Khao Jee Flour is a lowly dessert. Buddha wouldn’t me In which the Lord Buddha knew her mind Therefore His Majesty Khao Jee Flour Make her delight Isaan people therefore took a role model and brought together to make rice flour for monks all along. Also, because in the third month, the weather in the Isan region is in winter. In the mornings, people use firewood to heat the fire to cure the cold, the villagers throw it out on one side of the fire, then turn the sticky rice into a round ball, sprinkle salt on it and place it on the red coals called rice jee, which smells. fragrant Scorched skin, appetizing crust reminiscent of a monk The priest at the temple wants to eat some. Therefore the Khao Chi merit making was born As there is a saying that “Third month The head keeps forming the rice. Khao Jee with sugar cane juice Zhua Noi wiped away tears “(At the end of the third month The monks then make rice kee jee. If the rice is not stuffed with sugarcane juice. The little monk wiped away tears)
Ritual: When arriving at the temple, making merit-making for Khao Chi, every household in the village will prepare Khao Chi from the early morning of the day so that Khao Chee is cooked just in time for the monk’s monk. In addition to Khao Jee, there will also be “Khao Kheeb” (rice cracker) that is not yet grilled to allow the monks to roast themselves and the fire roast until bulging into the tray, along with preparing savory dishes to the monks at the temple. Some cubes of rice the owner were stuffed with sugarcane juice. Then smeared with eggs In order to create a sweet and fragrant taste that is inviting to eat Upon reaching the distribution halls or pavilions, all monks and novices in the temple will go down to the pavilion at the kith and kin who have gathered on the pavilion first and then the chairman of the ceremony is civilized. Monks bless Kin And said the offering of Khao Chi Then he will bring Khao Jee to the monks alms Which are arranged in a row equal to the number of monks Along with offering a lunch box For a sweet and savory side dish When my monk finished preaching, they gave a blessing. Kith and people are blessed as a ceremony finish.
Duan Si: Bun Phawet
“Bun Phawet” is an Isan accent that comes from the word “Merit Phra Wes” or Phra Vessantorn Is a tradition according to the beliefs of the Isan people that If anyone has heard the sermon about the Vessantara and the 13 kills within one day Will be born in the life of Phra Sri Ariyametai Bun Phawet will do this for three days in a row. First day prepare the place Decoration of the sermon hall, the second day is a day to celebrate the Vessantara Buddha.
The villagers, including monks from nearby villages, will attend the ceremony, including a Thai traditional procession, a sermon, and a parade to the West. By parading Pha Waet (long cloth, drawing pictures telling the story of Vessantara), which assumes a procession of Phra Vessantara into the city When the evening comes, there will be a sermon about the Malai. The third day is a merit-making ceremony. The villagers would join together to give alms to the thousand rice cubes. The ceremony will last until the evening. Villagers will parade Dances set up, set up a procession, set up the knights The monk will preach on Vessantara Jataka until the end and preach anthony on the other hand and finish the ceremony.
Cause of the ritual
From the story in the book, Malai ten thousand Malai Saen said that one time Phra Malai Thera went up to pay homage to Phra That Ket Kaew Chulamanee in Daowadung heaven and met with Phra Sri Ariyamentai. The prospective Buddha, and Phra Sri Ariyametai, ordered the Malai to come.
“If human beings want to find and be born in His religion, then they must act as follows:”
1. Don’t kill your father and beat your mother.
2. Don’t hurt the Buddha And incite the monks to split up
3. Listen carefully to the sermon on Vessantara ended in one day because Isaan people want to meet Phra Sri Ariyametai and join his religion. Therefore there is a merit making Which is annually
Preparatory ritual
1. Divide the book, bring the book Lam Pha Haad or the Great Nation (Book of Vessantara Chataka), which has 13 kuns (or 13 tied large) divided into small ties equal to the number of monks to invite to preach at that time.
2. Putting a book, take a small binding book divided from 13 different chapters to invite the monks both in the village and from the temple. In another nearby village to preach With a petition showing details of the date and time of the sermon As well as telling you to believe Who will also own the punishment
3. Allocation of believers For the monks to finish the sermon in each punishment The believer will bring the Thai supplies to the punishment for which he is responsible. The villagers would be divided into groups to receive the worshipers together. Accommodation must be provided. Rice, fish and food to welcome relatives who follow monks. From other villages to preach Phawed this time as well
4. Preparation of accommodation The villagers would clean up the temple grounds and help each other “plant a cliff” or a marquee around the temple area to be used as a place to receive monks and relatives who followed the monks from other villages. To be an accommodation and a place to feed rice, fish and food
5. The arrangement of ceremonies or sacrifices In making merit through the temple, the villagers have to prepare “Hoy ware” or “witchcraft offering” consists of a thousand incense sticks. One thousand candles, Lotus flowers (Bua Luang), Lotus Pae (Bua Phan), Golden lotus (Bua Sai), a thousand slapping vegetables and a thousand of flowers (Pib flowers) each one thousand words. One thousand suckers Puffed rice into a thousand kratongs, paper bags (paper flags), one thousand.
6. Arrangement of a place to take merit.
6.1 On the Thammasat Hall Set the dharmas in the middle of the surrounding pavilions, and set up “Thung Sai” (Thongchai) in all eight directions. And at the location where each “Tung Sai” is set, there must be a “Sedthasat” (Sawetkhat), “Pass Tawen” (Bangsun) and one basket for wrapped rice, along with a “flower chevron” for dried flowers. Most of which are made from the Sesbania tree and put on a “tongs head”. In addition, the flower chevron is also embroidered with a number of birds embroidered with coconut or palm leaves and set up 5 water jars around the pulpit, which is assumed to be a 5 pool. The pool in the cauldron (Naeo is seaweed), shrimp, fish, crab, shellfish, planted lotus plants in the pond, let the lotus leaves and lotus float even better. In addition, there must be devotional sacrifices, incantations, and the Khan Mak Beng placed in the corner of the pulpit at the place where the cauldron is placed.
Importantly, on the Dharma Hall, it must be decorated to resemble a forest. By bringing the sugar cane and banana trees to tie every pole And stretched silk threads around the pavilion They made a bamboo rod about one elbow above the head to hold various dried flowers. It was also used for hanging birds and carp, and using the dried seeds of the blue tongue (Peg) pods threaded with long threads to hang them periodically and If other flowers cannot dry, then dipped yarn is used and then mixed with rice grains. Make the rice kernels stick to the sides and hang those threads instead.
On the east side of the Thammarat pavilion, there was a need to plant a “Ho Uppakut” by using bamboo to make four pillars, only tall eyes This Uppakut Hall is a suppose to invite Phra Upakhut to come and live. To suppress the devil who will hinder the merit The utensils of Phra Upakhut must also be arranged here.
6.2 The area around the synagogue hall is set up eight large “tungsai” in the eight directions, each of which will be placed “Bamboo cones for wrapped rice”, “Sedtha Sut” (Sawetachat), “Pha Tawen” (Bangsun) and “Flower Bowl”, as well as on the Dharma Hall. In addition, it was placed at the same point as the place where we placed “Tung Sai” as well.
The time is about 14-15 hours of the home meal or the combined day. The elders would bring the sacrifices consisting of five bowls, eight bowls, robes, umbrellas, potty, kettle, and iron cane to invite Phra Uppakut, assuming he lived in a water source, possibly a marsh, swamp, river, or reservoir (near the temple). Upon reaching the presidency, he will set up 3 Namo, say “Sakkei”, invite an angel to be a witness, and then make an invitation to the Upakut When finished, they hit the gongs, hit the drums, bring a parade to the temple. Circulated around the Dharma Hall 3 times and then all the worship supplies were placed on the equipment tower
After inviting Phra Upakut is finished, it is time to parade through the city, which will be around 4.00-17.00 hrs. Of the home meal.
The ritual before the parade, at the time of the parade The president will lead the kin (Who came together in the area of the forest that was assumed to be a Himmapan forest) worshiping the monks and listening to the sermon. Organized a parade through the city Walking through the village to the temple Then parade right Around the thammasat hall three rounds Then the Buddha image was placed in the Dharma Hall. The kin that collects flowers from the forest, such as the flowers of Phayom, Dokkopi (Teng flowers), Hang flowers (Rang flowers), flower dishes, etc., will bring flowers to be placed next to the pulpit and stretch the cloth around the Dharma Hall.
After the parade into the city, the kin and kin will return to their homes. Have dinner Along with raising relatives who traveled to make merit at around 11pm, the temple would hit “Drum Home” as a signal to tell the villagers that it was time to “go to the temple”. Monk chants Phra Prit Mongkhon, after completing the prayer, it will “Sermon Malai Ten Thousand Malai Saen” After finishing the sermon, there was an amusements such as Mor Lam, a movie to watch until bright.
About 04.00 hrs. Of Bun Pha Wet Day Kith and yom will bring one thousand small, thumb-sized lumps of sticky rice, which is equal to one incantation. In the story of Phra Vessantara Chataka Put the tray out of the house Parade from the village to the Dharamvian Pavilion Around the thammasat hall three rounds Then, wrapped rice was placed in bamboo cones at the eight directions of the temple and placed in baskets placed on the pavilions at the points of tungsai and sedthasat. When the parade of thousands of rice is finished, there will be a sermon, a sermon telling the year. At the end of the affair, he will rest for his relatives to return to their homes. Bring food to the monks. After my sudden monk, he will begin to preach Pha Waet. Starting from Kan Thosaphon to Nakhon Kan, totaling thirteen kuns Spend all day until the evening, it is believed that if anyone finishes listening to the Vessantara sermon, that person will be greatly rewarded.
Rituals while listening to sermons In order to listen to the “Bun Phawet” sermon, you must have a guess or guess. Waiting for the ritual While listening to each sermon By lighting incense candles To worship that punishment according to the number of spells in each punishment In addition, we have to sow puffed rice, flowers, rice and Lan Khong Chai. When the sermon ends in each of the chapters The person doing this duty must be seated at all times when preaching.
The Hoy machine, thousands of machines Or the sacrifice that must be sacrificed throughout the event At the end of the sermon, some temples put the hoi and the wrapper in a container made of bamboo flowers. Look like a bucket Its mouth is a pointed cone covered with white cloth. Then use another layer of knitting thread in order to be used as a sacrifice when having merit in the following years.
Duan Ha: Boonsongnam
Boon Hod, Songkran or Boon Songkran is held on the 15th lunar month, which is regarded as the Thai New Year since ancient times. On the day of the ancient Thai New Year, on this day the monks brought the Buddha images from the church and put them in the hall in the afternoon. The villagers will bring perfume to join together to bathe the Buddha images at this hall. Then went out to collect flowers to hold a contest in worshiping monks During this time, villagers will play cymbals for fun, watering the elders and splashing with water. Where the villagers may have fun up to 15 days
Cause of the ritual
Since this month is considered a new year since ancient times. Which will hold the 15th day in the lunar month, 5 as the starting date of merit
The ritual on the lunar day of the fifth lunar month, at three o’clock in the afternoon, is considered “a meal to take the monks down” means bringing All the Buddha images in the temple have been cleaned and placed in the middle of the pavilion, house, or “Hall of Gai”
The ceremony began with the president bringing flowers, incense, candles, worshiping Buddha images. And bring to worship the jewels of Aradhana, the monks, give precepts, receive precepts, who are the president of the prayer Buddhist monks This is over, and the kith and kin put perfumed water to wash down the Buddha image. Then the young people would bring water from a pond or swamp to pour it into a temple jar for the monks. Novices have used the bath At the same time they will start splashing with each other as fun.
In the evening inviting monks to pray for Chai Mongkol (Mongkol Sut) at Phamchai in the middle of the village. Dawn morning (one night’s wandering) is a “Meal Nao” which is considered New Year’s Day With merit making By bringing rice, fish and food to the monks at Pham Chai
This chanting Chai Mongkol (Auspicious Suksa) must be chanted for 7 nights with 7 Bati with holy water and a bucket of sand gravel. Chai Mongkol went around the village. With a splash of holy water As for the kin and to sow gravel at the same time, it is considered to expel the unfortunate thing. And the misfortune left the village making the whole village experience only happiness and prosperity in the coming new year Isaan people call Songkran Day as follows: 13th April is called Sangkharn Day, 14th Wan Nao and 15th day called Sangkharn Day.
Duan Hog: Bun Bang Fai
Bun Bang Fai is a tradition born from the beliefs about elves. At the sixth month the farming started. Villagers will light fireballs as a worship, asking Phaya Tan to make the rain come down. Bun Bang Fai tradition is a joint activity of the Isan community. Many villages host villages plant houses called Pham Boon to welcome villagers from other villages. And take care of providing food for everyone. On the morning of the event, the villagers will join together to make merit, contests, parade contests and light up beautifully decorated fireballs. The fireballs of any village do not light up, that village villagers will be thrown into mud as a punishment. And there will be fun dancing And there will always be a permanent secretary in the procession With the belief that the exorcism was exiled Leaving the village and hastening the elves to send the rain down quickly
Cause of the ritual
According to Northeastern folk legends, it is believed that it is a fireball, a warning signal to Phaya Tan that the harvesting season has arrived. Let Phaya Than make it rain and have enough for the cultivation of cereals.
Rituals when meeting the date of making merit of fireballs The potters will be aware of making fireballs, tail fireballs and paddy fireballs. According to the number and size that the villagers believe together, donate money to buy faith, buy “mischievous or mischievous” (saltpeter) to make “Hui”. Nowadays, there is a fireball competition between giving notice to other villages. Make fireballs to compete in the specified size, possibly “Thousands of fireballs” (weighing less than 120 kilograms), “Bun Fai Saen” (weighing more than 120 kilograms) can be enough. When it comes to “Home Bun meal” or on a gathering day, villagers will make merit-making, and then have a “hot song” ceremony. A monk who has had the precepts of Dharma education throughout the year to be promoted to a higher position, namely “Hod” from ordinary monks to become monks in the “teacher” level, but shortly referred to as “teachers” who have matured if they want to be ordained. Parents usually arrange ordination in this month along with this ceremony. Around 3 pm of the meal, Home brings “Kong Hat” and “Ordination” to set it up in the middle of the Thammasat Hall, the temple will play the drum as a signal. Tell every value to bring fireballs together at the temple Each kum will give fireballs (Decorate the fireballs) of their own to be beautiful is a preliminary competition There is a fireball procession. And while the fireball parade will supply the fireballs at the same time, with the fireballs being sold, there will be a leader to bring the inscription in paragraphs and for all the participants of the parade to follow. While speaking, he also dances to the rhythm.
In the morning of Bun Bang Fai Day Kith and yom will bring rice, fish, food, and sweets. Come together to make merit at the temple After the monks are finished, they will bring the fireballs together at the temple and take them to the place where “hold the fireballs” (the shop for lighting the fireballs). Fireballs towards the fields or swamps to prevent the fireballs from falling in the village. Villagers will bring together to see fireballs. If the fireballs light up and jump into the sky Changball fireballs will be flocked around the holding fireball area. However, if any of the fireballs and the fireballs emerge from the “shoo” or “crack”, or only emerged from the hold, the tail of the fireball was not released from the dead. The technician who made the fireball will be “carried down” and sometimes caught. Lay down, swamp the buffalo to sleep, and be smeared all over the body with mud
Duan Ched: Bun Sam ha
Boon sam ha according to the belief that by the seventh month, merit making must be cleaned up And in order to ward off the unwholesome bulldozer from the villages, some local people call this tradition the Boon Boek Ban Which has both Buddhist and superstition rituals On the day of the event, the villagers brought food to present to the monks and join together to listen to the sermons. Including the homage to the main court of the house To seek protection from the disaster and to help drive away the bad and the bad from the village Give the hometown the prosperity
Cause of the ritual
There is a story told in the scriptures that once the city of Phaisalee was born “famine”, hard rice, expensive betel nuts, people lacking food because of the drought. Pets die from hunger. Worse still, cholera or “Haunted disease” is an epidemic causing many people to die. A group of townspeople then traveled to invite the Lord Buddha to dispel this disaster. When the Lord Buddha arrived in Phaisalee, the “Ha Kaeo” rain fell so heavy that the rain flooded the land up to the knees and the rain water drifted all the corpses of people and animals down the river. End The Lord Buddha made water for the Buddha to infuse the Bati and gave it to Ananda to sprinkle it throughout the city. Disease and sickness disappeared as well. Buddha Phuttanupab Therefore, the ancient Lao people including Isaan Thai made merit in the 7th month of every year.
On the day of merit making, the villagers of all households will bring flowers, incense, candles, holy water bowls, bowls, sand pebbles, and keep their arms together at the town hall. If any village does not have a town hall If any village does not have a town hall The villagers will help to plant the marquee in the middle of the village. In the evening, the monks will invite the monks to pray for chanting. (Northeastern people called Tang Mung Kun), the next morning, they will make merit and give alms to the monk After my monks are finished, they will bless and sprinkle water with Buddhist mantra to everyone who comes to make merit. Then the villagers will tie the arms of holy water bowl. Returned the gravel to his own home and brought the holy water. Sprinkle to everyone in the family As well as houses and cattle Tied the arm with thread All children because they believe that it will bring happiness and prosperity to all members. As for the gravel and sand, it will be sown around the area of the house and in the garden. To drive away mischief And all unfortunate things to come to an end At the same time, the villagers would clean the house and cleanse the dirt. Dig up the ditch to settle the debris To cleanse the mischief as well
Duan Pad: Buddhist Lent
The merit of Buddhist Lent in Isan is a Buddhist tradition similar to that of the central region. Offering bathing clothes, calm rain, robes and large candles But in the Isan region, there will be a great candle parade And often there are contests for the beauty of candles from each village Which is decorated with candle carvings in patterns Beautiful Buddhist stories When the candle parade came to the temple The villagers will receive blessings and listen to the Dhamma in the evening.
Cause of the ritual
Because in the modern era Monks visit various villages throughout the year, whether it is the rainy season, winter or summer, but in that rainy season, the monks have trampled on the rice fields of the villagers. Various small animals were trampled on to death. The Lord Buddha therefore ordered the monks to remember the 3-month Lent in the rainy season without spending the night in any place other than their own temple. If the monks violate “The precepts are absent and all laws must be abused” except in the case of necessity known as “Sattahari”, such as sick parents, etc., but must return within 7 days of the year to not be absent.
Ritual At the full moon of the eighth month in the morning, kin will bring flowers, incense, candles, rice, fish, food to make merit at the temple. At about 19.00-20.00, the villagers will bring flowers, incense, and candles to gather at the Thammasat pavilion to receive the precepts. And cycle until the full three rounds Then he went into the synagogue hall to hear the sermon until the end, and then went back to his own home. But those who have great faith will keep the eight precepts until the next morning. Which is a waning day in the eighth month Which was the day of Buddhist Lent Which monks have to stay in their temples for three months.
Duan Kao: Bun Khao Pradab Din
At the end of the ninth month as a merit-making for the deceased relatives. By bringing rice, fish, sweet and savory foods, betel nuts, smoking Wrapped in two bundles of banana leaves, prepared from early evening By three in the morning Four o’clock the next day, food wrappers and betel nut will be placed in the root of the tree around the temple for the deceased youngest relative. Including other homeless spirits who are believed to come to visit relatives at this time to pick them up so as not to starve. In addition to making merit and making alms, it also expresses gratitude as well.
Cause of the ritual
Lao and Northeastern Thai people have traditionally believed that the night of the nine months (Fourteen waning lunar ninth lunar month) is the day that the gates of Hell open in the year. Underworld will let the ghosts of Hell come out to visit their relatives in the human world. On this night, only one night So they arranged a package of rice for the dead relatives. Considered as a merit-making ceremony to dedicate part of the merit to the relatives who have passed away.
Ritual evening of the waning days of the twelfth lunar month of the ninth month “Kao Noi”, which has the following methods of wrapping Tear the banana leaves to be as wide as one palm. The length is the longest teeth of the banana leaf. Bring cooked steamed sticky rice and form into small cubes, the size of a thumb. Put on the banana leaf to be wrapped After that, the meat, fish, chicken, pork, add a little each. (Considered a savory food) then add sugarcane juice, ripe bananas, ripe papaya, or other desserts a little more (considered dessert), then add one bite of the betel. A cigarette Miang one word Then wrap the answer sheet together By using a skewer at the head, back and the center, you will get a long package of little rice (like a packet of grilled sticky rice). This is because there must be a certain amount in case the ghost has no relatives.
At about 3.00-04.00 hrs. Of the 14 lunar month, the elders of each household would put a small package of rice and place it at the base of the tree in the temple. Along the soil along the temple wall Along the church and the pagoda in some temples. Bringing little rice wrap to place in various places in this temple is called “Grandma wrapped Khao Noi”, which will take them to do quietly without gongs and drums in any way. After grandma finished wrapped the little rice Going home to prepare food in the morning of the 14 waning lunar month, in which every family member will bring rice, fish, food to make merit, give alms to monks After that, the monk will perform a sermon about the Sangha of Boon Khao Pradibdin to listen. Kith and yom give four food to Thai. Monks bless relatives and dedicate merit to the deceased relatives.
Duan Sib: Boon Khao Sak
Bun Khao Sak is a tradition on the 15th day of the evening, where the villagers will prepare a deck of food. Which contains sticky rice, dry food such as grilled fish, grilled meat, jaewbong or fermented fish chili paste And another small package of rice dedicated to the deceased relatives and to make merit at the temple By writing the owner’s name For food and Thai food to be placed in the monk For the monks in the temple to draw lots If any monk draws a lottery, whose name can be found? Then will get a set of food with Thai food for that host
Ritual
In order to make the rice in the black field flourish and fruitful, and to be a charitable dedication to the deceased relatives.
The morning ritual of the 15th lunar month, ten kin and kin will bring merit to the monks. When the time came Almost all the villagers, Kharuan will arrange a “take rice” (ie a table and a side dish) together with the Thai factor, eat 1 set and write his name on a piece of paper rolled into the same monk. When everyone is ready The head of the lottery. The kin said after finishing it and brought it to the monk to draw a lottery in the alms bowl. Any monk who catches the lottery of whose owner takes rice and Thai food supplies, then brings it to that monk. Then poured water to dedicate merit and merit to the relatives who have passed away.
Duan Sib Et: End of Buddhist Lent
The merit of Buddhist Lent in the eleventh month, in addition to being an opportunity for the monks to show off and admonish each other The villagers in Isan also have many other activities. Including the Devo tradition Lighting the lanterns decorated by the trees Some places bring sugar cane. Or bamboo to tie into a boat to light lanterns and then float in the river called the flow of a light boat to be a Buddhist worship.For villages far away from water sources, they prefer to make Prasat Phueng or Pha Sam Phung, made from banana cladding, adorned with wax. Flowered But nowadays, wax is often used to decorate the castle. Then organized a fun parade to present at the temple
Ritual
To give opportunities for monks to admonish each other And for monks to travel in various places to teach people to teach morals and dharma Or to seek peace and quiet in the practice of Dharma Without having to come back and spend the night at the temple and have the monks find a new soft blanket to replace
In the morning rituals, on the 15th lunar month, the monks will gather at the temple to perform a misdemeanor against each other. Then he will perform the recitation and devotional instead of chanting Mokkha (Pawarana is a religious ritual that the monk agrees to admonish with the allegiance will be done on the 15th day of the 11th lunar month, which is the end of Buddhist Lent. Therefore called the end of Buddhist Lent Day or the Maha Pawarana Day (From the Dictionary of the Royal Institute, 2525 B.E., 1995) The villagers will prepare rice, fish, food for alms giving at the temple in the morning and give the cloth to the novice monks In the evening there are candles circulating around the Ubosot and if any village is located along a river or a swamp, there will be a “water flow” to worship the Buddha’s footprint on the bank of the Nam Than Thi River.
Duan Sib Song: Bun Kathin
Boon Kathin is a merit called “Kalthan” which is scheduled to be performed only during the waning days of the 11th to 15th lunar month of every year, so it is also called “Boonthan 12”. Anyone who has made merit for Kathina will not go to hell and will receive the merit made in this life to be collected and eaten in the next life. The Kathina merit fair is therefore an important event. The rituals are similar to the central region, but the Isan people and the kathin utensils, most of which are household appliances, are placed in open places for relatives or nearby villagers to bring items such as mats, pillows, monks, etc. Come join the ceremony in the evening of the whole day, it will invite the monks to prosper, the Buddha’s mantra at night may arrange various entertainment, and that is indispensable in the merit-making ceremony, that is, the fireballs must be lit at least 4 stripes. Set a point when one child was early in the evening One child late at night When near a bright light And when offering one more Kathina child In addition to lighting fireballs, fireworks will also light fireballs from time to time while the Kathina parade
In the morning it was a procession of Kathina from home to the monks at the temple. Upon reaching the temple, there must be a parade of Kathina ceremonies three times on the right. Around the Thammasat Hall After that, the Kathina Ceremony was set up on the hotel pavilion. Bring rice, fish, food to the monks If giving in the morning, then feast on the monks when I was rushed. But if offering in the afternoon, the monks will be feasted at the play When my novice monk is finished, the host of the Kathina will light incense sticks and candles to worship the jewels. Take the precepts and give the Kathina a ceremony. As for the monks, when a Kathina is present at the temple, a monk will meet and then ask a monk to propose to the Sangha meeting that it should be given to the monks. (Mentioning the name of a monk) who deserves a Kathina Most of them were the abbot of that temple. Will utter the word “Sathu” at the same time, then the kin will bring together Thai food supplies to other monks and novices, both monks and monks receive it and will give blessings and blessings to be completed. The ceremony will be indispensable. The pompous fireballs are lit while the Kathina procession comes to the temple.
Ritual
So that the monks have the opportunity to change the new triwewa Since the antiques have been wrapped around in the past three months of Lent, it is old and old, there is a story that in the time of the Lord Buddha was still alive. A total of 30 monks from the city of Patha traveled to meet the Buddha image at Phra Chetuwan Maha Viharn before the day of Buddhist Lent. So they had to take a rest and stay at the sake town, and after the end of the lent, they hurriedly traveled together in the sun and rain to meet the Buddha. The robes that are soft are wet. When the Buddha saw the difficulties of these monks, he was allowed to accept the Kathina cloth. In order to have a new robe When Mrs. Wisaka, the great goddess, heard the news and brought the Kathina cloth to present the Buddha as the first person. The merit making of Kathina was born as a tradition as long as today.
The ritual of believers wishing to bring the Kathina to the temple must go and ask for a temple reservation, usually from the morning of the new Lent, which may be nine months and ten months when the abbot informs that the temple has not yet been reserved for the Kathina. The faithful to make merit will place a lottery in order to announce to the people that they are a booker and to bring the Kathina to the temple. The lot must be placed in a public place, such as a hall, a synagogue, or the outer wall of a church. Details in the lottery will tell the name and address of the person who will bring the Kathina to fry. Including telling the date and time to fry So as not to allow another faithful to bring Kathina Including telling the date and time to fry So as not to allow the other faithful to bring the Kathina duplicate Because a temple can receive only one pile of Kathina per year Isaan people believe that if anyone has made merit with Kathina And die will not go to hell Only will receive the merit that he has made for the next life The merit making of Kathin is therefore an important event. People who will make merit Kathina inform their children. Of their relatives, provided by themselves In the day of the gathering, he will set up a Kathina at his house.
Kong Sib Si
It is the social provision of the Isan people as a rule of thumb for people in different statuses since ancient times. Succession times have not been recorded in writing.
“Kong Sib si” is often spoken in conjunction with the word “Heet 12” assumed in two meanings that come from the word canal or form, as a noun meaning A way or approach, for example Khong Tham or from Khong, which is a word meaning to maintain, for example, the word “ruled the city, occupy, love, live,” in which Isaan people do not like to pronounce the words, so Khong fourteen should refer to the way that the people Made to Villagers or monks should perform 14 points to maintain the good traditions and sanctions of the local country.
Kong Sib Si 1
Mention those involved in the family. Society as well as those responsible for governing the country should act. When it comes to Kong, there is always the word heat together, which is divided into 14 items:
1.Heet Chao Kong Khun For kings or rulers to rule Amart Vassal
2.Heet Chao Kong Phia For the chiefs in the rule of servants
3.Heet Kao Kong Nai For the people to conduct themselves according to the government and their duties to treat the master
4.Heet at Baan Khong Muang Conduct which should follow the general customs of citizens for the country and the public.
5.Heet husband wife Principles of treatment for each other of husbands and wives
6.Heet Father Kong and Mother, the code of conduct of the householder for the grandchildren
7.Heet Luk Kong Lan Code of conduct of the offspring against the parents
8. Heet Tai Kong-in-law, the daughter-in-law’s practice towards elders and parents-in-law.
9. Heet Aunt Kong Lung, uncle and aunt’s practice towards grandchildren.
10. Heet kong Grandparents, Grandparents The practice of grandparents as a umbrella for grandchildren.
11. Heet Tao Kongkae The principle of respect for the elderly in old age is to be respectful and appropriate.
12.Heet Kong Duean, the practice of various customs in the heat twelve
13. Heet Hai Kong, the tradition of farming and farming.
14.Heet at Kong Sang Temple The practice of monks and novices to be correct according to the Dharma and discipline as well as helping to maintain the temples.
Kong Sib Si 2
Discusses the principles for the King in governing both the royal court and the people for peace and tranquility in general.
1. Appoint honest people, know the country government, do not persecute the people.
2. Regular meeting Sena Montri Make the enemy fear A prosperous country Happy people
3. Set firmly on the ten ten Rajadhammas
4. To the New Year, invite the Buddhist monks to prosper. Praying auspicious autopsies and sprinkling water to the monks
5. New Year’s Day for Sena Amart brings tribute of water and perfume
6. To the sixth month A monk came to prosper, the Buddha mantra holds water, prosperity, faithfulness to the Lord
7. To the seventh month, the party of the Thao Mahesak, the city pillar
8. Until the eighth month invites the monks to perform the cleansing ceremony. And open the town for 7 nights auspicious prayers, sprinkling sand gravel around the city, tightening the city principle
9. Up to the ninth month, people proclaimed the merit of the hostile. Give merit to the deceased relatives.
10. The full moon of the tenth month Announcing the public to make merit, organize a lottery, pay tribute to the monks. To the deceased relatives
11. The eleventh month of the full moon Buddhist Lent For the monks to devolve manatskarn and meritaphisek Phra That Luang Phra That Phu Chomsri And announced that the people would flow on a fire boat to worship the serpent
12. Twelve months for the people of the land to gather at Phra Lan Luang, parade the Lord to race to the full moon with Sena, Amat, Nimon, and 5 monks to worship Phra That Luang with worship.
13. Until the twelfth month, Kathina merit making and offering Kathina cloth at various temples.
14. To have the noble treasures of the city in 14 things, including the emperor, the vassal, the people, the people, as well as the guardian deity to sustain the country.
Kong Sib Si 3
It is a custom of the people and the Dharma that the King of the Land should adhere to.
1. Sixth month The sand pagoda is built every year.
2. New six months Recruiting sworn people to be honest with each other.
3. Until the farming season, sow the black embroidery to raise the eyes. Traditionally
4. At the end of the ninth month, make merit, the hostess, the full moon, the tenth month, make merit. Dedicate a portion of charity to the deceased relatives.
5. Twelve months to consider making merit with Kathina every year.
6. Bring together to make merit. Listen to the sermon every year.
7. Raising Father Old mother Feast for you who raised us is a practice that does not lack.
8. Practice the porch house. Nurturing children and teaching children and giving inheritance and finding a partner when the time is right.
9. Shake and insult the wife’s child. Satire father-in-law, mother-in-law
10. Know about making merit.
11. To be a butler to have four divine powers: mercy, compassion, and compassion.
12. The king must maintain the tenacity.
13. The father-in-law has a son-in-law to comprehend the words, do not curse the bad Calvarycha Chuaphongphan.
14. If the rice is tied together in the courtyard to make a lom. To bring together the egg biryani Melted their eyes, then knocked them together.
Kong Sib Si 4
1. Have the monks study the Buddha’s teachings and observe 227 precepts on a daily basis.
2. To keep the temple cubicle clean by wiping it every day.
3. To practice the invitation of the villagers about making merit.
4. Until the eighth month, from the one night onwards, the Buddhist Lent must be at any temple until the waning of the eleven months
5. After the end of the Buddhist Lent, when the winter (the eighth month), the monks who have the precepts of the monks have to remain in the discipleship.
6. have to go on alms Do not be broken every morning
7. You have to pray and pray every night, don’t be ignored.
8. To the day of the rising fifteen or fourteen nights (For the odd month) Must attend a meeting to do a Buddhist temple
9. To the New Year (month, five days, Songkran) bring the Thayk Thika to pour water to wash the Buddha image and Maha That Chedi.
10. To a new era Earth God Waiver To sprinkle water in the palace
11. When the villagers have faith to do any act that does not disappoint, the Vinai will receive an invitation.
12. Become a clergy to join forces to build temples. Phra Mahathat Chedi
13. Get the item you guess. To make a gift, such as a monk or a lottery.
14. When the King or Sena government officials have faith. Invited to meet in any Buddhist temple on the lunar month of the eleventh month, must go, do not resist.
Other Traditions
Cat parade tradition
a tradition to ask for rain. in times of drought. And as a disadvantage to the farm In order to parade a female cat must use a black female cat to weave. Carrying out the houses, the villagers will help the cats to shed as much water as possible, so it will be a good result. The parade sometimes lasts for most of the day, and the villagers in every household come together to perform the rituals according to the connection and enjoyment together. In inserting a lady cat after the lady cat parade ceremony, Isan people believe that the rain will come down to moisturize their farms.
Cause of the ritual
In order to ask for rain, with the belief that cats are animals hate rain. If it rains any time, the cat will cry immediately. The Isan people therefore take the trick that cats cry in the rain than they really do.
The ritual of the Isan cat lady parade starts with the selection of 1-3 female black cats or just one. Put the cat into a basket or basket with a top mouth cover. The cover must be clear enough for water to splash onto the cat. While putting the cat in the shovel The person who catches the cat must say
Mrs. Maew, May the sky for rain, let the rain come down with her hands.
When the lid of the weaving is well closed, a wooden beam must be inserted as a beam After that, the worshipers consisted of five heads of the ceremony, bringing the worshipers to bring down the deities to gather and pray for rain water. With a pair of men who carry her in the lead The people in the parade will sing the cat lady together. With one person leading the role Lady Cat parade will parade into different houses. When you get to someone’s house, the people in the parade will cry and say that
“Madam, Mrs. Cat has arrived, Mrs. Cat has brought the rain.”
Others would further cry out, “It rains slowly, making the bug a unit. The rain gradually makes the sugarcane fall. Don’t even have to use the Huo to pour out, pour it down, rain down. ”
The owner of the house who paraded the lady cat had to fetch water. Thrown into the parade and hit the cat as well.
“The rain has already fallen, the rain has already fallen a lot. Really, the rice and grass have grown green.”
The people in the parade will have to act like they are walking in the rain. If the parade goes to someone’s house, that house does not splash water. I believe that the cat is very angry which will cause bad things like no rain and then dry.
Biao Xiao Tradition
Biexiao tradition is a traditional tradition of the Tai-Lao culture group. Tying Xiao is a promise to be a best friend. With a witness Tying is popular between a man and a man or a woman with a similar age and temperament. In which parents or elders will be the one who will be approached to tie them together, called “Haek Xiao”. When agreeing, they will tie the Xiao by using auspicious cotton. Tie the wrists of each person to be a blessing for the Xiao couple. Some places before bind Xiao will hold a ceremony to Kwan Blessing, training and teaching for couples who love and respect each other Along with their parents, siblings, and their families, they support each other and support each other forever, now called “Khad Xiao”.
Cause of the ritual
The history of the Bao Xiao tradition does not appear to be conclusive evidence as to when the Binding Xiao started. From the evidence that appears, enough to search for evidence referring to the bindings in two ways:
1.In literature, the text in Isaan literature has been mentioned in many places such as
“As if Father, Father, Father, under Hoi said to go to you, friend, expensive as Xiao “(Phra Lak Phra Lam)
“Tell me before, Phaya Kla, Father, His Majesty arrives, Chao Suriwong is Xiao” (Suriwong)
2. History Ajarn Jarubut Ruangsuwan It was stated that in the reign of King Rama VI and in the reign of King Rama VII, there was a survey of Thai people whose birth date was straight. On the day of the royal birth In order to be listed as “Sahachat”, especially in the reign of King Rama VII, he gave auspicious coins as a memorial to “Sahachat”, which is his birthday.
In the Lanna Thai chronicles It turns out that King Ramkhamhaeng King Mengrai King Ngam Mueang Has organized a ritual vow to be a friend or “Xiao” by cutting blood into the glass of liquor. Then drank one another’s blood and worshiped the Arak as a witness, therefore it is the important evidence of binds
The bindings rituals bring about a long and uninterrupted friendship, and villages may have different ways to bind them. But with the same purpose, namely “friendship”, how to tie Xiao Pramand in 5 ways
1. Type 1: When the Xiao couple are ready, the ceremony will bring a knife that is a betel knife, a piece of a knife, and set it in the middle of the bowl. By holding a sharp knife as a principle and comparing it to show that a knife will be useful, it must have two legs and it must be attached to each other, just like a human being. Help each other Like a knife Can’t be alone and lonely, then do the arm-tying ceremony for the Xu couple.
2. Type 2 When the Xiao couple came together Before binding Xiao, the president will bring the chilli salt and put it in front of the ceremony, with the salt and chili as the comparison. Salt is salty and not faint. Not hot chili Xiao must have the characteristics of keeping the properties of love forever like salt, maintain the saltiness, then will do the arm-tying ceremony for the Xiao couple.
3. Type 3 is very simple, when the Xiao couple are ready. The chairperson will tie his arms to the couple and bless them, using words as the key to persuade the couple to love each other.
4. Type 4 is the one that has reserved a pair of friends before. Or consider looking at the children who love each other, even though the children do not know that they are a couple. Then bring the children to tie the Xiao to each other by seeing the favor of the elders, the chairman of the ceremony will bring the cotton and tie the arms to tie the Xiao couple in front of the parents of the Xiao couple to know the love of the two children.
5. Type 5 is an adult tying ceremony, which is an adult who has loved each other since childhood. Or come to love each other when grown up I have the same heart to tie Xiao. Then asked the elders to tie their arms to each other Or to tie in the tying ceremony held as a function
Benefits of bindings
To create a relationship that creates love, ties, and respect among the people. But spread to parents, relatives of both sides as well
Since the year 1980, the tie xiao ceremony has been held at the event. “Thai Silk Festival, Tie Xiao and Red Cross Festival” in Khon Kaen province until the present.
Dinner ceremony
A marriage or marriage ceremony is held when a young person is active, affectionate, ready to go on a marriage and is agreed upon by both adults. There will be a marriage ceremony. Which has the same meaning as the wedding ceremony in the central region Isaan people join the ceremony to inform the society together with the witness of the ceremony. There is also a traditional ritual. And traditions which are considered important in the longevity of a marriage
rite
To Kwan Noi at the groom’s house and the bride’s house will hold a ceremony. The groom attends the bride’s house. When he had made a wish, he tied his arms together according to tradition. After the bridegroom went to the bride’s house, they paraded Khan Mak to the bride’s house.
Procession There are 3 bowls for pickling machines: 1 bowl for pickling money, 1 bowl, 1 bowl, 1 bowl, 1 bowl of medicine, all three of these three bowls are covered with different colored cloth. The bowl of betel nut and the bowl of liquor for the 4 innocent women who followed behind them. Taking Kwan out first, the newlyweds and their relatives paraded after they arrived at the women’s house. The female contemporaries will come out to receive them. Invited to go up to the house After reaching up, the male descent will give all 3 bowls to the female, while the female will open the dong before counting. It was counted correctly and gave the pickle value to the female’s parents, and the betel bowl and the wine bowl were distributed to eat. The food provided by the woman to welcome them was brought together as well.
Greeting with Kai When the parenting is finished There was an invitation to Kai, that was, for men and women to bring their spirits together with their hands to shook. “The rear arm spreads her arm” is to put the male arm over the female arm. This ancient arm spreading her arm called “Mukkai”. After that, Mo Khwan began to say the motto. The recitation or the inhalation at this ceremony with the pai Doctor Sukwan will say that it ends without shortening because it is a blessing in front of both sides of you. Bring happiness and prosperity to the newlyweds After reaching the end, he gave away cotton to tie his arms, who had good words and good spells then came to tie arms for the bride and groom. Cooked eggs put in Phakwan Is a good sign When choosing eggs to be boiled, you have to choose the new mother’s egg. If you get two eggs, this would be great. To a man and a woman Hold it when you tie your arms, and when the arms are finished, take the egg to peel by cutting the hair in the middle. If either party’s egg is full and not dented Considered as Sirimongkol If not full, it is considered inauspicious. After examining it, give half of the eggs to the male, half to the female. The male feeds his own eggs, the female feeds his own eggs, and the men. In this section, there is an Isan poem saying
How did you lead the hand to bring the gift of the eggs? The right hand feeds the egg. The left hand feeds her egg.
When finished feeding the eggs, there will be a ceremony to pay homage to both the grandfather and grandmother.
The sermon when the male comes back to his home and the female host will bring the female to him. Something to be borne: The man’s parents had a piece of cloth. One mat, one skirt, one shirt Something that has come, the parents of this man do not charge the appraisal value. As for Chao Khote, the rest may be suitable with either Praewa skirt, Asana splash mat, as deemed appropriate and the appraisal fee is charged.
Male delivery ceremony When sending the male to the female’s house, choose to take home time. Is the home maiden time, about 12 p.m. The procession that was sent to the men was mostly young men and when they went they shouted,
Mother Ash has brought her son-in-law.
Big bloated, son-in-law
Upon arriving at the woman’s house, the woman will come to meet him and be invited to the house and bring him food.
The mattress laying ceremony is also important for the married men and women. If made according to the tradition, the male and female couple will live happily The bed-layers must choose the most important person to cover, namely the one who has morality, married, never divorced, has children and grandchildren together. The offering includes flowers, incense, and candles. Arranged for the bowl when the laying ceremony arrived, so that they could immediately lay down the men’s mattress. The right side of the woman’s left, and the mattress of the man is higher than that of the woman. When the crab is finished, the crab will have to do a laying test first. After experimenting, he brought the woman in first, and led the man back. Let the men and women sleep during the ceremony, while the mattress is closed and the door is opened. Let men and women sit in front of you. Even if the contemporaries teach the husband to occupy his wife.
Housewarming traditions
Isaan people usually finish their house building within one day. Before moving into the house Have to do housewarming first The central region prefers to make merit for a new home. The central region is popular with making merit for a new home with a monk ceremony. The new home is most often chosen for the day. “One night” was the best day. Because today means “One night, the glass elephant ascends to Hong Kham” means “One lunar day, Chang Kaew steps up to Rong Kham”, which is a suparerk. But anyone has a need to choose any suitable day.
Housewarming ritual The ceremony will begin with a supposition to divide the people into two groups. The elders will stay on the newly built house. A group of homeowners walked from a distance with furniture and equipment to make a living. With an emcee in front of carrying the grandmother’s bag Assuming “Money bag, bag for words”, when traveling, will walk around the house 3 times, some places do not circulate Around the house, he stops at the stairs to go up to the house, and the party on the house asks for good things from the traveling party such as glasses, rings, silver, gold, painted tasa of the priceless couple Farming equipment such as knife nets, as well as food such as meat, fish, etc. The source will answer that everything is obtained in unison when the party is on the house. Satisfied, then will invite the traveling party to come to the house for the next prosperity When allowed to go up on the house The presenters will be taken to a new home by
– Let the owner of the house light incense, candles, worship and pray Remembering the Buddha, the Dharma, the monks, praying for good things for auspicious wishes And place the candles on the mother of the stairs, both on the left and right
– The foot stepped on the banana leaf that was placed on the big stone in front of the stairs, then stepped up and stepped on the stairs and stepped up to step on the stairs.
Stepping on a step, ten thousand money came to come
Stepping on the second step, a hundred thousand money came in
Step four Sena Laen Masoi (Help)
Step five Illness, fever, this Huan Mi (none)
Step on the sixth step to be a millionaire with a kot of money
Step on the seventh step Free from punishment
Step eight A group leader
Stepping on the ninth step in the pond (anyway) money into a hundred thousand two hundred thousand meals
Stepping on the tenth step of Gannan (family), allowing bamboo to escape
Step on eleven People in distress have just brought (live)
Once on the house The head will then hammer the chisel to the side of the lid and hang the bag, which is assumed to be a money bag. With a prayer every time that chisel into it When finished, they lay the bed and sleep. It’s time, there will be a rooster crowing. Then got up and told the dream story, dreaming that
“Dreaming tonight, dreaming, dreamer, dreamer Dream that His arms in to bring Kwan Gao Gai Dreamed of raising eggs and giving them to Ha Haemid The process, then the city people lie quietly, hee. I had a dream that he grabbed his fingers and led him into the bed. In Phrom came down with black and yellow glass, Leueng Hung Huong. ”
It means that the dream is very good. Because I dreamed that someone brought himself into Phakwan to Khwan, Baisri had sat with the girl and stayed together Along with all the In-Brahma come down to help, please come down and fix the ring full of gold and silver All yellow When the dream is solved, everyone is fine. All gladly rejoiced Then claps, cheers and cheers, feast, eat, sing and dance and make music Celebrating the housewarming is a complete ceremony.
Long Khak tradition
Isan, a rural agricultural society, has the characteristics of exchange Rely on helping and supporting each other. Events or traditions often rely on cooperation. To overcome obstacles that arise both from nature and humans. There are two important terms related to the guest tradition: the word “guests” means people who come to each other, it can refer to relatives and friends who are in constant and intimate contact with each other. Send news or ask for news about Suksidib on a regular basis. Or neighbors come to help work Most often, it is a work related to agriculture such as farming, harvesting, etc. because they are afraid not to catch the rain. Or afraid that the rice will be dry and crispy Before harvesting, villagers or nearby neighbors will help inform people who are familiar with the infection. Come to help each other in harvesting work or other work such as having work to build houses, move houses, create public things such as bridges, streets, pavilions, etc., etc. How to help each other with kindness like this, Isan people call it a hangout, but North Isan is called Loei Province That it is a hang, hanging out with Isan people is a local tradition Isan dining as far as the process can be divided into 2 broad types:
1. Guest to build a building.
2. Farming
1. Guest to build a building.
1.1 Living and planting a house The house of the Isan people is not very large. Make enough to live Wood that is cut to make pillars to make furniture. Must be cut to fit, not to be left. People who come to help grow houses Who has a chisel, has an ax? There was a planer or a knife to carry it. In which everyone will work hard Small or large houses can be planted in one day. Ancient is considered a fortune. Characteristics Or a house that will allow the owner to stay in peace That must be made to be hit Sokruan is as follows
Continue to Kham Phu, Phu Kham Hom, carry sins, hi as death, attack p On the house, hit where and cut out there.
1.2 Guests to build a town hall The house planted in the middle of the house is called the town hall. Is the meeting place of the house If the host has any business Will come to the town hall of this house Inside the pavilion, there is an armor or gaul, made of heartwood, stretched elbow. A handful of width when attacking a heraldic armor, usually at evening time. The villagers who heard the sound of armor would meet in this pavilion.
If the house is on fire Thieves come to rob the house at any time, the owner of the house will hurry. Forging armor, hit about emergency, frequent hit and long hit. When the villagers heard the sound of the armor Will hurry to help the victims immediately
The town hall, in addition to being a meeting of the house, the guests went to go to the house, such as chili peppers for salt. Exchange fish for rice, betel for shellfish When there is no place to stay because there are no relatives, they will ask the host to stay at this pavilion. Therefore, this pavilion should have been known as a bungalow hotel.
Giving guests to the town hall is like growing a house, the food that is brought up is the fine food: jars of liquor, boiled chicken, and the food that is pleasing to the eye. Make workers diligent Not lazy in work
1.3 Gaze in front of a temple To create a temple, start by choosing a temple location. Not near or far from home, if far, it will be difficult for the monks in the time of the monks. If it is near, there will be noise of the villagers Inconvenient for charity And the temple should be located in the north side of the house The temple and the house belong to each other. If there is only a temple, without a house, it is like a disabled person. There is only a head without a body. If there is only a house without a temple, it is like a person without a head because the temple teaches wisdom. Teaching home for strength Building an ancient temple taught to be right. Sok Temple is as follows
Wat Wa-Aham Sam Ba and Kaew Duangdee, a sad color that stems from the sanctuary.
Living in a temple is Helping to adjust the lowland area, then filling up the Don, then graze the temple area, surrounded by the edge Score a door in and out To measure Sok, use a rope to measure all four sides and then use the Watag on the right place.
1.4 Visitors to build a church The church is an important building of the temple. If you measure the size of a church alone, it cannot be classified as a complete temple. Because the church is the birthplace of the monks Those who are going to be ordained as a monk must be ordained in this church. Living in a church is similar to growing a house. Will vary in some ways
1.5 Visitors to create a kut The sleeping address of the monks called Kut Visitors to build kutis like growing a house If it was hit by the ancient people, it would cause happiness and good greetings to the monks.
2. Long khak tam na
Before embarking on a field Villagers will have to plow (plow) when they are going to fall and sow grain. And sow manure The thing that farmers have to pay special attention to is to make the khanna high enough for the water to feed the rice to be written all the time. There is a way to open and close the water in and out when the rice plants stand up and then sow manure again. Inviting relatives to help in farming is called a farmer. “You can get very few points.” A field that is 20-30 rai will require a lot of people. And complete the ceremony in just one day Rice, fish, food that we feed each other will get roasted beef larb, chicken, bamboo shoots, or whatever. Something that cannot be forgotten is absolutely the pounding of the hoofed pieces and the pounding of the pieces. As the poem said
Don’t forget to smash the pieces with good stuff since grandfather. Do not forget the Pla Daak to Wong Tam Sum Mak Hong Hao. Puffed fish that is used on betel nut or papaya. It must be a fragrant fish. If the smell of the mouth water immediately Young men and women are very fond of it, even if they exchange Laab, Roasted Pork and Pork.
2.1 Gang reaping Rice that has been cooked must be carried out quickly. If not caught in time, the rice will be crispy. If crispy rice will be difficult when harvesting An ancient connection used to reap (sickle). If invited to a party where someone has a scythe, they take it with their hands. Because many people, the scythe that the owner of the field has may not be enough. For raising is like a farmer. And dividing the associated page is similar to that of a farmer
2.2 Guests knock on rice The rice that was tied into shuffles and carried by the Laow (Lao) sticks came together in the courtyard and arranged the shakes of rice as long as needed. This sort of rice is called “Lom Khao”. Inviting relatives to come and hit this rice is called “The men knocked on the rice.” Thrashing must be careful not to let the grain bounce off the courtyard Rice that can’t be knocked out must be hitting Sanu (Song Fang). Nurturing is the same as a farmer and reaping rice.
2.3 Gather the rice that has been hit and will bring it twice a day. Or you can carry a wagon if you have a lot of rice, you may invite your relatives to help carry around. Inviting relatives to help carry this rice called “Giving rice” for food to feed each other is like knocking on rice.
2.4 People pound the rice that is brought to the coop. Before cooking, you must pound the rice husks first. In which rice pounded with a mortar or a mortar (Krokkadeaeng) with vitamins that are very useful for the body in the time of a big merit ceremony and invite a lot of guests, such as the merit-making ceremony, making merit, making merit, giving out rice dedicated to the deceased. The host prepared a lot of rice and invited relatives to help him cook the rice. “The dinner”, most of the guests are young people. Which will meet and talk to each other The fine food that this youth feasted on would not have anything better than a papaya.
Literature
Isan literature. There are both folk literature. Legendary literature Religious literature, especially Theravada Buddhism Isan literary form, mainly of portrayal literature The exhibition is an example. Buddhist legend Folk literature Legend of heroes And the legend of the Bun Bang Fai tradition.
The legend of the Urangkathat
There is a legend that in the time of the Buddha The Lord Buddha went to make an alms bowl at the town of Sri Khotbong. Phraya Sri Khotboon told Arathana for him to receive alms in the royal court. When he received alms and sent alms to Phaya Si Komboon Phraya Sri Khotaboon brought the alms to the Buddha’s presence at the Buddha’s residence, predicted to Phra Ananda that Phraya Sri Khotaboon would be born in Sake City, Nakhon, with the name of “Suniyakumar”. In the city of Roi Et Gate Then the Suniyakumarn will be reincarnated as Phaya Sumittathamwongsa-Marukkhanakhon and maintain Buddhism in that city. already Phra Maha Kassapathera, along with 500 Arahants, brought the Urungkathat to Phu orphan.
Phaya Inthanathanakorn Phaya Chulanee, Phromthat, Phaya Nanthasen, Phaya Suwannaphingkarn and Phaya Kham Daeng Therefore built a tunnel that enshrined Phra Urangkhathat, and the five phaya had reincarnated as an Arahant because in the period of Phaya Sumittatham – occupying the city The 5 Arahats therefore invited Phaya Sumittatham to establish the relics to contain the Buddha’s relics.
Legend of Pha Daeng Nang Ai
In the past, Mrs. Ai’s past life had a mute man married to a rich man’s daughter and refused to sleep with his wife despite the fact that the wife treated her husband very well. Later when thinking of returning to his own country So he took his wife, but left her while she was picking the fruit on the tree. In anger, the wife prayed that she would not be born as husband and wife again, and the next life of her husband to die on the tree. As if she had left her in a tree
The next life, the man was born as a wife, son of Sutthonak, and his wife was Nang Ai.
When Mrs. Ai was 24 years old, she was very beautiful. Pha Daeng of Pha Phung City received the news of the beauty that came to see, met and flirted until secretly passed away. Pha Daeng heard the news and prepared fireballs to join the merit-making event and bet on Pha Daeng took his own country as a bet. Phraya of Nang Ai is a bet. It turned out that the two fireballs did not go up. Pha Daeng went back to the country. In this festival of Bun Bang Fai, Bhangki also came to join the merit ceremony and saw Nang Ai with her passages. Making the Bhangki feel relentless to Nang Ai The bhangki then transformed into a white squirrel, hung the golden bell, climbed up the tree to look for Mrs. Ai. Mrs. Ai saw a cute albino squirrel and wanted it, so she asked the hunter to shoot the squirrel. The squirrel, before his death, prayed that his flesh would be abundant and fragrant so that people could share it and eat. Servants of the Bhangki returned to tell the story of Nakasuttha. Naga Naga was very angry and therefore took his family to destroy the city. Whoever eats the meat of the squirrel, he asks him to die.
When I returned to town with the thought of Nang Ai Therefore returned to see Nang Ai again Mrs. Ai brought food containing squirrel meat to eat. But Pha Daeng does not eat and also prohibits Nang Ai. Falling to pull the Naga, it caused the land to collapse. Pha Daeng took Nang Ai on a horse and escaped to Pha Phong town. But did not reach the middle of the way, Nang Ai was able to be taken down by a Naga to the Underworld As for Pha Daeng, it came back to Pha Phong. With her love for Nang Ai, she died and died in a ghost town. Pha Daeng, when he died, was the chief ghost in feud, so he gathered all the ghosts of the army to fight with Naga at Nak City. Hot to Indra must come down to prohibit the battle of both sides Including teaching them to stop doing sins, and to act against each other, to be kind and compassionate to keep the precepts Phi Pha Daeng and Naga both stopped fighting.
Thao Hung Khun Chuan
Khun Chom Tham reigns in Suan Than or Nakong. There was no son to inherit the family, so the Buang Phli to Phee Tham and Phee Tan to ask for a son so Thao Hung was born. One day, while Thao Hung was training, the elephants became acquainted with Mrs. Ngom or Ngom Muan. Thida Muang Chiang Krua Thao Hung gave his close soldier to be the boss to ask. Meng agrees to give Nang Ngom, but calls for a very expensive sod, which is to redeem ten thousand cows. Three used three thousand people And many more gold Thao Hung did not have any property according to the terms and therefore committed adultery with Nang Ngom. Later, Nang Ngom performed the ceremony, Sai Nan and Chang Nan Du Vassana knew that Thao Hung had good fortune to occupy several cities. As for the soulmate, it will have many wives. For Nang Ngom, there will be obstacles at first, but later will be able to love one another with happiness.
There was another city, Muang Kham Wang. The ruler of the city of Pekao, named Thao Angka. When he ascended to the throne, he wanted to have a wife, so the ambassador was to bring the royal message to Mrs. Hua in the city of Ngoeng Yang. Khun Seom, who was Thao Hung’s uncle, refused. And said that she would give Mrs. Hua to Thao Hung, the grandchildren When they were rejected, Thao Angka and Thao Kao brought an army to hit the city of money Yang Khun Seum saw that he was left still able to fight, so he told Thao Hung the news. When Dao Hung heard the news, he raised his army to help fight until victory. Khun Sum gave Nang Hua to Thao Hung. Then Dao Hung went to battle with the guys again. Hit the army and flee, victory throughout all of your cities and get 8 daughters of the governor as his wife. At the end of the battle, Thao Hung returned his army to the city of Silver Yang. When she arrived at the city, Ngoeng Yang lived with Mrs. Aua and went to ask for Nang Ngom for the second time.
Thao Hung ruled the city of money Yang for 17 years, Nang Ngom fled to Chiang Ke, at that time, the town of Tumwang City, the city of Kao, that was the city, started a rebellion. Ask for help from Tan Lor to help the battle. Thao Hung was unable to fight and saw that he could not fight Than Lo, so he sent a message to Suan Than and Chiang Khue to raise an army to help and to evacuate his lineage to the city of Ngern Yang. When the order was completed, Tao Hung went to battle again. And died on the battlefield itself
Thao Hung, when he died, became a ghost in heaven. But with his feud, he raised his army to beat the elves until all groups of elves were defeated. As hot as Indra had to come down to stop the army and invite Thao Hung to occupy Lien Phan city After that, Thao Hung found Buddhism and went up to worship Phrathat Ket Kaew Chulamanee in the heavens of Kathin. And went to meet Phra Sri Arai to cut off all karma to achieve Nirvana As for the town of Tumwang, Chum and Thao Kham Hung, they successfully conquered their army.
The legend of the Boon Bang Fai tradition
Isan people believe in spirits. Angels from the past Phaya Tan, who inspires seasonal rain, is one of the gods respected by the villagers. The myth of Phaya Tan Which is the cause of the Bun Bang Fai tradition, which is the story of Phaya Kan Kak Thao Kankak is the son of the ruler of Inthapat Nakorn. When he was born with a rough, toad-like surface, he was named Thao Kan Kak. Thao Kankak does good things. Indra therefore protects and provides assistance. When he becomes the governor, he rules the city with virtue. The country is peaceful and the people respect it. Phaya Tan was jealous that he refused to send the rain in the season. The country is dry for 7 years, so Phaya Kan Kak sends ants, moths, termites up to destroy Phaya Tan’s weapons Then he raised his army with all the animals to fight. Phaya Tan saw an army of frogs approaching him and sent a snake to bite the hawk of Phaya Kan Kak and pecked the snake. Phaya Tan’s dog chased the hawk. Both sides sent various beasts into battle.
Until in the end, Phaya Kan Kak won the party and negotiated with Phaya Tan and made a contract for Phaya Tan to send seasonal rain
“When I was born in the new year, the sixth month
Let the rain come to the real year.
When the fifth month, the New Year season
The rain so hue, randomly green grass poked the leaves. ”
Phaya Tan agrees and asks villagers to light the rocket, signaling that the farming season has begun.